Small cell lymphocytic lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia
What is small lymphocytic lymphoma: A type of cancer that causes abnormal growth of B lymphocyte which fights against infection is known as a small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). The lymphocyte grows in the lymph node and slowly spreads to other parts of the body through the lymphatic system.
SLL is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that generally occurs in lymph nodes whereas CLL grows in bloodstream and bone marrow.
Small lymphocytic lymphoma symptoms: At an early stage, there is no particular science and symptom of this disease; in a later stage, the patient will see swelling in a lymph node of the neck, armpit, or groin. Some symptoms of this lymphoma are:
• Weight loss
• Shortness of breath
• Fever
• Loss of appetite
• Night sweats
• Frequent infection
• Fatigue
• Swollen abdomen e
• Easy bruising
• Feeling of fullness after a small amount of meal
Small lymphocytic lymphoma diagnosis: The most popular technique of diagnosis is a biopsy. In this method, the doctor cuts out a small piece of tissue from lymph nodes and examines for the presence of lymphoma. However, few diagnostic tests involve:
• Physical examination: doctor checks for swollen lymph node or enlarged spleen.
• Imaging test: tests such as computerized tomography x-ray or ultrasound is done to check the presence of lymphoma or abnormal blood cells.
• Blood test: blood test is also a common type of diagnosis test by which to take a sample of blood and detect the presence of abnormal blood cells.
• Bone marrow sampling: bone marrow fluid is taken out with the help of injection and is studied in the lab.
Small ` treatment: Few treatment methods are mentioned below:
• Monoclonal antibodies: several drugs and medicines are given to strengthen the immunity of patients to fight against cancer. These are either injected intravenously or given in combination with chemotherapy.
• Targeted therapy: therapy in the form of the drug directly attacks the cancerous cell and destroys it.
• Radiation therapy: high energy x-ray is used to destroy the cancerous cell.
• Steroids: sometimes steroids are injected into patients containing cancerous cells.
• Chemotherapy: this drug is given orally or injected intravenously. This is generally combined with other medications to increase its efficiency. Examples of chemotherapy drugs are fludara, bendeka, Revlimid, etc. The most effective and widely used chemotherapy drug is Venetoclax 100 mg. This availability in different concentrations of strength are as Venetoclax 10mg, 50mg, and 100 mg which is used for the treatment of SLL and CLL.
What is chronic lymphocytic leukemia; Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a cancer of bone marrow and blood cells that produces abnormal cells that fight against infection.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia symptoms: There is no noticeable symptom at an early stage but few symptoms occur as cancer progresses. These are:
• Night sweat
• Frequent infection
• Weight loss
• Fever
• Enlarged lymph nodes
• Distress in the abdomen
• Fatigue
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnosis: Some Diagnostic test of chronic lymphocytic leukemia include:
• Blood test: this test is used to count the blood cells as well as to check the presence of leukemia cells in the blood.
• Bone marrow biopsy: a small portion of tissues from bone marrow is taken out surgically and it is checked for the presence of leukemia cell.
• Imaging test: x-ray, positron emission tomography and computerized tomography is used for the detection of leukemia cells in the brain and spinal cord.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia Treatment:
• Targeted therapy: this is used to detect the vulnerability of cancerous cells and destroy immediately.
• Immunotherapy: This is done to provide strength to the cell of the human body that can fight against cancer cells or other infections.
• Chemotherapy: it is used to kill the fast-growing cancerous cell this drug is either taken in the form of pills or injected intravenously. The highly proposed drug is Venetoclax 100 mg tablet that is used for the therapy of CLL as well as SLL.
FAQ
What does Venclexta Treat?
Venetocla is an antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL).
How does venclexta (venetoclax) + rituximab Treat CLL/SLL?
Venclexta and rituximab belong to the antibody therapy class drug, it attaches and targets CD20 protein generally found on the surface of normal cells and CLL cells. After binding to this CD20 protein both of these drugs destroy the cancer cell directly.
Is chronic lymphocytic leukemia heritable?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is generally considered as an acquired disease. This can occur in people with no family history. However, according to a recent report, it has been seen that about 10% of total patients suffering from CLL have a family history of familiar conditions.
How long can you live with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
There is no permanent cure for chronic lymphocytic leukemia as long as treatment continues, the patient may survive. The primary overall survival rate has been estimated to be 10 years but it may vary according to age and sex from months to decades.
What are the stages of chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
Stages of CLL are mentioned below:
● Stage 0: The cancer is growing slow and no symptoms of leukemia arise.
● Stage 1: the amount of lymphocytes in blood is normal but lymph nodes enlarged.
● Stage 2: the spleen is swollen and causes a condition of splenomegaly. Liver swells forming a condition of hepatomegaly, the lymph node is also larger than normal.
● Stage 3: The blood has low red blood cells causing anemia. The liver, spleen, and lymph nodes are larger than normal.
● Stage 4: blood has few platelets, lymphocytes, and limited red blood cells.
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